User:Khirano/CommunityBylaws

規約
翻訳中

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= Preamble:前文 =

These bye-laws define the internal organization of The Document Foundation. They cover the community processes for contributions made to the projects of The Document Foundation. These bye-laws do not apply to the actual structure and governance of The Document Foundation as a legal  entity.

この規約はTDFの内部組織を定義します. They cover the community processes for contributions made to the projects of The  Document Foundation. These bye-laws do not apply to the actual structure and governance of The Document Foundation as a legal entity.

Definitions:語の定義

 * Members/Contributors: Members are people (individual persons contributing on either a paid or  unpaid basis) who may work for Sponsors (refer to the definition for  Sponsors), or who may contribute their time, efforts and skills  independently. Members are best referred to as "Contributors to The  Document Foundation" or as "Members of the LibreOffice Project" (or as  Members of the XYZ Project). To become a Member, one has to contribute  tangible or traceable contributions for a certain time and to a certain  extent. A membership application must be evaluated by a Membership  Committee on the basis of these criteria.
 * メンバー/貢献者: Members are people (individual persons contributing on either a paid or  unpaid basis) who may work for Sponsors (refer to the definition for  Sponsors), or who may contribute their time, efforts and skills  independently. Members are best referred to as "Contributors to The  Document Foundation" or as "Members of the LibreOffice Project" (or as  Members of the XYZ Project). To become a Member, one has to contribute  tangible or traceable contributions for a certain time and to a certain  extent. A membership application must be evaluated by a Membership  Committee on the basis of these criteria.


 * Sponsors: Sponsors are corporate or governmental Donors to the Foundation and the  Project, that pay recurring fees and/or provide tangible resources  (developers, servers, etc.). Sponsors may be represented on the  Foundation's Advisory Board.
 * スポンサー: Sponsors are corporate or governmental Donors to the Foundation and the Project, that pay  recurring fees and/or provide tangible resources (developers, servers,  etc.). Sponsors may be represented on the Foundation's Advisory Board.


 * Donors: Donors are individuals or other entities who donate money to the  Foundation, but who play no other role. One can be both a Member of the  LibreOffice Project and a Donor to the Foundation.
 * ドナー: Donors are individuals or other entities who donate money to the  Foundation, but who play no other role. One can be both a Member of the  LibreOffice Project and a Donor to the Foundation.
 * Foundation: The Document Foundation is a legal entity having been founded on the  date of xxxxxxx with the following identity: yyyyyyyyy. The Foundation,  in terms of an entity, should be considered to be distinct from the  software development, the promotional activities and the support  projects it stewards, steers and sustains. Only certain people are  authorized to speak on behalf of The Document Foundation. The Document  Foundation may have trustees (founders; employees; officers; directors;  and the various members of the Engineering Steering Committee [the  "ESC"], the Advisory Board [the "AB"], and the Board of Directors [the  "BoD"]), but its role is not to accept Members per se; its role is only  to accept donations.
 * ファウンデーション: The Document Foundation is a legal entity having been founded on the date of xxxxxxx with the  following identity: yyyyyyyyy. The Foundation, in terms of an entity,  should be considered to be distinct from the software development, the  promotional activities and the support projects it stewards, steers and  sustains. Only certain people are authorized to speak on behalf of The  Document Foundation. The Document Foundation may have trustees  (founders; employees; officers; directors; and the various members of  the Engineering Steering Committee [the "ESC"], the Advisory Board [the  "AB"], and the Board of Directors [the "BoD"]), but its role is not to  accept Members per se; its role is only to accept donations.


 * Project: A Project is a community-driven software development project, set-up by  Members with the approval of the Board of Directors.
 * プロジェクト : A Project is a community-driven software development project, set-up by Members with the approval of the Board of Directors.

= Goals of The Document Foundation: TDFの目標 =

The goals of The Document Foundation have been described in The Next Decade Manifesto, and these bye-laws are  intended to implement the vision set-out in the aforesaid manifesto. In simple terms, the goals of The Document Foundation are to develop a  next-generation set of digital productivity and creativity tools, by  fostering a sustainable, independent and inclusive community to produce  Free and Open Source Software [FOSS] based on  Open Standards.

TDFの目標は今後10年のマニフェストに書きました. この規約はマニフェストに書いたビジョンを具体化しようとするものです. 簡単にいうと、 TDFの目標は、持続可能な、独立した、誰でも受け入れる、オープンスタンダードに基づくオープンソースソフトウェア[FOSS]コミュニティを育成する ことによって、生産性と創造性を備えた次世代のデジタルツールを開発することです.

= Governance: ガバナンス =

The Document Foundation believes in empowering its Contributors so that the  community as a whole can benefit from the best, most-sustainable and  most-innovative software. To achieve this, most of the daily work is performed by the Foundation's Contributors. Nonetheless, certain bodies or Committees will be in charge of work when the decision-taking  requires extraordinary decisions, litigation, conflict resolution,  funding, treasury, strategic technical decisions, strategic technical  guidance, and general guidance on orientations.

Board of Directors [BoD]: This is the Foundation's Board of Directors and  the main steward of the Foundation's projects. Each Director is elected by the Project's members; the Board of Directors cannot have more more  than nine (9) members (this figure does not include deputies). The Board of Directors is responsible for appointing the Membership Committee; it  can also form any other ad hoc teams or committees, if such teams or  committees are necessary.

理事会 [BoD]: This is the Foundation's  Board of Directors and the main steward of the  Foundation's projects. Each Director is elected by the Project's members; the Board of  Directors cannot have more more than nine (9)  members (this figure does  not include deputies). The Board of Directors is responsible for  appointing the Membership Committee; it can also  form any other ad hoc  teams or committees, if such teams or committees  are necessary.

Engineering Steering Committee [ESC]: The Engineering Steering Committee provides technological  guidance on strategic matters, and theoretically will be composed of our  best engineers. This committee is not elected: instead, the members are appointed by developers. There is no limit on the number of members of the Engineering Steering Committee.

技術運営委員会 [ESC]: The Engineering Steering  Committee provides technological  guidance on strategic matters, and  theoretically will be composed of  our best engineers. This committee is not elected: instead, the members  are appointed by developers. There is no limit on the number of  members of the Engineering Steering Committee.

Advisory Board [AB]: The Advisory Board represents the Foundation's Sponsors. Each Sponsor is entitled to appoint one representative.

 諮問委員会 [AB]: The Advisory Board represents the Foundation's Sponsors. Each Sponsor is entitled to appoint one representative.

Officers: The Foundation may have several Officers. Officers are not elected; they are Members who are employed or remunerated for their duties. There will be at least four (4) Officers: the Chairman, the Executive  Director, the Financial Officer and the Legal Officer. There may be other Officers in charge of communications, press relations,  infrastructure management, and other responsibilities.

 役員: The Foundation may have several Officers. Officers are not elected; they are Members who are employed or  remunerated for their  duties. There will be at least four (4) Officers: the Chairman, the  Executive Director, the Financial Officer and the  Legal Officer. There may be other Officers in charge of communications,  press relations,  infrastructure management, and other responsibilities.

Board of Directors:理事会
The Board of Directors [BoD] is composed of nine (9) members elected by the  community of Members/Contributors. Members of the Board of Directors are elected for a term of one (1) year at least, as the BoD gets renewed  by half each year. They must be Members of any of the Foundation's Projects, or must be Contributors to the Foundation. They are elected individually during a single electoral process: each candidate runs  individually, and the candidates having won the highest number of votes  are deemed to have been elected (For instance, in a year where the BoD  renews 4 of its members, the 4 candidates with the highest results will  be elected).

Elections and their preparation is done in a public and transparent fashion by the Engineering Steering  Committee and the Chairperson. In case of dispute, the Chairperson's duty is to settle the dispute or to call for new elections of the BoD.

The duties of the BoD are wide-ranging, extending from administrative  duties and other duties specifically tied to the Foundation (refer to  the clauses covering interactions between the Foundation and the  community governance) to strategic planning, funds allocation, financial  oversight, trademark ownership, dispute settlement, community guidance,  etc.

The BoD can appoint as many committees and teams it deems necessary. The Chairman (CH), the Executive Director (ED), the Financial and Legal Officiers are also nominated, appointed and revoked  by the BoD. It may also appoint additional officiers aside the four (4) main officiers of the Foundation.

Engineering Steering Committee:技術運営委員会
The Engineering Steering Committee [ESC] is composed of developers who are  appointed: they are not required to be elected, and the ESC can be  staffed by as many members as necessary. The mission of the ESC is to provide technical guidance, settle technical disputes, and - in specific  cases - oversee the election of the BoD (refer to the clause covering  the Board of Directors). The duties of the ESC are to provide expertise and information to the BoD, to the AB, to the Chairperson, to the  Executive Director and to any other Officer of the Foundation. Members of the ESC may also be members of the BoD.

The ESC is neither an elective body nor an elected committee: it provides technical  guidance. It can be placed under administration by the BoD; in this case, the BoD will have the power to appoint a new ESC, in whatever  manner it deems appropriate.

Advisory Board:諮問委員会
The Advisory Board [AB] is staffed by Sponsors' representatives (refer to  the definition of Sponsors). Each Sponsor can have no more than one representative on the Advisory Board. Each Sponsor's representative is appointed for a term of one (1) year, but can be re-appointed for a  further year in office at the end of each term.

The AB's primary function is to represent The Document Foundation's  Sponsors, and to provide the Board of Directors with advice, guidance  and proposals. The BoD is attentive to the AB's advice, guidance and proposals, but is not under any obligation to heed them. The BoD can consult the AB whenever the BoD considers it appropriate; likewise, the  AB can submit guidance, opinions and proposals to the BoD whenever the  AB considers it appropriate.

In practice, it is considered recommendable for the AB and the BoD to hold one meeting per  year to discuss Projects and other matters they both consider necessary. In principle, the content and minutes of this meeting will be made public; however, some parts of the proceedings may be kept confidential  (refer to the clause concerning Transparency, Conduct of Business, and  Confidentiality).

The Chairperson:議長
The Chairperson (CH) is in charge of representing the Foundation. The Chairperson's role is mainly detached from the daily activities of the  Foundation and its Projects, but he/she can liaise with the AB and the  BoD on any matter he/she deems necessary, and is briefed by the  Executive Director. The Chairperson can intervene in dispute resolution and can take part in overseeing the process for nominations and  elections of candidates for the BoD. The Chairperson is nominated by the BoD, either by consensus of the BoD members or by ballot run by and for  the members of the BoD. This ballot does not have to be public. There is no limit to the time a Chairperson can serve. It can, however, be replaced by the BoD at any time.

The Executive Director:常任理事
The Executive Director (ED) is an Officer of the Foundation who is in  charge of running the Foundation's daily operations, and of implementing  the strategy developed by the BoD. The ED liaises with the various projects, and ensures that all facilities available for the activities  supported by the Foundation are provided in a satisfactory manner. The ED can attend each meeting of the BoD, but has no voting rights. The ED supervises the activities of every other Officer of the Foundation  except for the Chairperson. The ED has to liaise with the Foundation's Chairperson on a monthly basis, and has to brief the Chairperson on the  activities managed by the Foundation. The ED is accountable to the BoD for the fulfillment of his/her duties. He/she has to brief the BoD on the Foundation's mission and the activities it runs. The BoD can dismiss the ED from his/her position.

The roles and responsibilities of the Officers in charge of finances and legal affairs  are covered in the Foundation's legal statutes.

The Foundation can also decide to hire or remunerate lawyers, administrative  personnel and other Officers to handle marketing and communications,  infrastructure management, and other responsibilities.

Transparency, Conduct of Business, and Confidentiality:透明性、事業の運営、守秘義務
In principle, the processes, discussions and decisions of The Document  Foundation, of its Committees, of its Board and of its Officers are  public, and decisions are taken in a rational and transparent manner. Minutes of meetings will be published, and decisions will be documented. However, in exceptional cases, some discussions may be held confidentially if the matter is delicate or demands confidentiality. Notwithstanding, the outcomes and decisions arising from these discussions (although not the discussions themselves) will be made  public no later than one (1) month afterwards, and will generally be  disclosed in the shortest possible time.

Disputes between Contributors are settled by the Board of Directors; if  necessary, the case can be sent in appeal to the Chairperson by the  plaintiff, the defendant or the BoD.

Business will be conducted in a scheduled and regular manner. The BoD preferably will meet every two weeks, but shall meet at least once per month. It may organize ad hoc meetings if it sees fit. The ESC will meet once every month, or possibly more frequently. Schedules and other details of daily business are covered in other documents auxiliary to these bye-laws. The BoD members will also have to meet in person at least once a year, preferably twice.

Provisions Concerning Possible Conflicts of Interest
Conflicts of interests often tend to be hard to prove. However, the dominance of one entity within the Foundation, or the absence of a plausible solution  thereto within the Foundation's or the community's governance processes  or bye-laws, is a precursor to a latent conflict of interest. While such conflicts can sometimes be hard to avoid, The Document Foundation  and its community strives for transparency. To achieve this, two (2) rules are applied to prevent the most-obvious potential cases of such  conflicts within our Community:


 * At any time, no more than three (3) employees or affiliates of the same company, organization  or entity may be members of the BoD.
 * At any time, no more than thirty per cent (30%) of the members of the ESC may work for the same  company, organization or entity (as employees or affiliates).

In the event of a contravention of the above two (2) rules, the BoD is  empowered to decide the best course of action to remedy the situation.

Salaries, Compensations and Expenses
Members of the BoD, ESC and AB are not employed by the Foundation, but can be  otherwise remunerated for their role on these committees and the  community by any third party (see the Provisions Concerning Possible  Conflicts of Interests above). However, their travel expenses and similar costs directly related to the Foundation's business may be  covered by the Foundation.

Officiers of the Foundation are employed or contracted by the Foundation; they are thus  employees or contractors of the Foundation. They cannot, however, be elected members of the BoD, the AB, and the ESC.

= Membership:メンバーシップ =

We believe that there are several different types of community inside  "one" community. We value all of them dearly. For instance, the user community is the community that we serve and cater to as our defining  objective. Yet, to become a Contributor to the Foundation, or to become a Member of the Foundation's Projects (which is the same thing), one has  to prove that one has devoted time and effort, and that one has made  tangible, traceable or otherwise-proven contributions. Every membership application is reviewed by the Membership Committee, which approves or  declines applications. There are no differences between Members, yet membership is a status that is truly earned, not something acquired by  posting to a mailing list. The Foundation's membership criteria are explained below.

Membership Criteria

 * Members must agree to the Foundation's Charter (its bye-laws and The Next Decade Manifesto), and must support the  principle of an independent Foundation.
 * メンバーはFoundationの 憲章の合意しなければなりません (TDF規約と 今後10年のマニフェスト). またメンバーは、独立したFoundationの原則を支持しなければなりません.


 * Membership is based on merit, which is earned through:
 * code contributions;
 * contribution of translations;
 * contribution of documentation, design, templates and a variety of other material  that is published through the Foundation's resources;
 * triaging, prioritizing and doing in-depth analysis of bug reports and feature requests;
 * research activities (such as marketing and feature research for future versions, usability research, etc.);
 * publicizing the Foundation and its projects in coordination with the Foundation, via media, at fairs and other events, etc.;
 * maintaining infrastructure or performing administrative work for the benefit of other Contributors.
 * All such contributions must be non-trivial, and must be carried out for a  certain length of time (refer to the clause about the membership  application process):
 * Activities qualifying one for membership are: fixing bugs; submitting patches; fixing errors on the  wiki; creating content, and coordinating activities for specific  initiatives (i.e officially-fostered initiatives for marketing  purposes); localization work; writing documentation; translating  documentation or content of Foundation-run projects; submitting,  qualifying or triaging bugs; attending multiple FOSS events as part of  an official Foundation team; working on specific infrastructure tasks,  and carrying-out administrative or financial roles within the  Foundation.


 * Period of Membership
 * If a Member stops contributing, such that the merit criteria are no longer met,  membership status will be revoked after a certain period of  time.
 * In the event of special circumstances (long vacations, sickness, etc.), a Member can declare himself/herself to be  temporarily inactive without losing membership status, provided that  he/she plans to resume contributing at a later date. However, if a  Member has been clearly inactive for one year, the Membership Committee  may decide to rescind membership.


 * For an initial period of time, having contributed to OpenOffice.org is deemed to constitute merit:
 * Contributors to OpenOffice.org are qualified to become Members of the Foundation,  subject to the same rules as explained above.
 * A simplified process may be applied for OOo Project Leads and other long-term Contributors.


 * Membership Fees
 * No fees are charged for membership, nor do any fees qualify one for membership.
 * Revocation of Membership
 * Membership may be revoked if a Member has been inactive for too long. In this  case, the revocation decision is automatic, but must be confirmed by the  Membership Committee. Unexpected or unannounced absence of Members for  longer than 3 months is considered to be grounds for membership  revocation.
 * Membership may be revoked if a member is reported to have been aggressive or insulting, or to have exhibited other forms  of unacceptable behavior, or to have perpetrated ad hominem attacks or  other abuse, via the Foundation's mailing lists, forums or other  resources, or via other means. Any Member with due justification can  file a request for membership revocation to the Board of Directors, and  should provide as much evidence as possible. The Board of Directors will  examine testimony from both the plaintiff and the defendant, and a  decision will be taken within two (2) months of the initial report being  received.
 * Any member is free to resign, and is requested to submit his/her resignation by e-mail to the Membership Committee.  Membership termination will be automatic.

Membership Application Process

 * Membership is be considered after submission an application, and requires approval.
 * Approval is weighed by a Membership Committee (the members of which are  appointed by the Board of Directors or, during an interim period, by the  Steering Committee).
 * Membership applications should be accompanied by information about the applicant's merit.
 * The collection of such information should be automated whenever possible;  infrastructure will be prepared for this purpose (refer to the  qualifying activities for an applicant under the Membership Criteria  clause).
 * Every membership applicant must have been active for at least three (3) months, and should make a commitment to at  least six (6) months activity (not counting the first three (3) months  of qualification).
 * An applicant preferably should be nominated by an existing member.
 * The applicant should have earned a good reputation among the existing  community of Members, i.e, by engaging in specific, tangible activities.


 * Membership status will be reviewed, and subsequently renewed or revoked by the  Membership Committee, at certain intervals of time.


 * Members may retire at any time.

Members' Roles:メンバーの役割
Members can engage in a range of activities during their membership (refer to  the Membership Criteria clause). Generally, Members also fulfill various other roles, such as:


 * coordinating projects;
 * inspiring others;
 * striving to serve the Foundation and its projects;
 * striving for excellence in their contributions;
 * voting in elections for the Board of Directors and any other Committee that requires election;
 * voting on decisions put up for a vote;
 * proposing new projects, initiatives or activities to the Foundation;
 * undertaking administrative or infrastructure management roles, on a temporary or permanent basis;
 * being elected or standing as candidate for the various Boards and Committees.

Voting:投票

 * Every member has one vote.
 * The Board of Directors is elected by a vote involving all Members.
 * Voting: every Member can vote for one candidate only. The five (5) to nine (9)  members with the most votes will be the elected Directors.
 * Membership status is checked before a membership meeting.
 * Current members will be invited by e-mail at least ninety (90) days in advance.
 * A membership meeting will be convened, preferably at the Annual Conference.
 * Votes are strictly personal and non-transferable to other Members.
 * Every member has one single vote (which can be an abstention).
 * The quorum for all decisions can be fifty per cent (50%). Alternatively,  the principle described at  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_Transferable_Vote can be adopted (to  be established at a later date).
 * Members can nominate themselves.
 * BoD decisions are taken by simple majority; a quorum is defined as being two thirds (2/3rds) of the voting members.

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