Documentation/Calc Functions/MONTH
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Function name:
MONTH
Category:
Date and Time
Summary:
Calculates the month value for a date specified either by a date-time serial number or in a text string.
Syntax:
MONTH(Date)
Returns:
Returns an integer in the range 1 (January) to 12 (December), which is the month value of the supplied date.
Arguments:
Date is the date (in quotation marks) or a date-time serial number, or a reference to the cell containing one of those types, which is the date for which the calculation is to be carried out.
- If Date is not a valid date expression, then MONTH reports a #VALUE! error.
- MONTH ignores any time components of Date.
Additional details:
General information about Calc's Date and Time functions
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Note:
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- Internal to Calc, a date/time value is handled as a real number and this is sometimes referred to by the term date-time serial number. For example, 2021-02-08 12:00:00 corresponds to the date-time serial number 44235.5. The integer part of a date-time serial number (before the decimal separator) is the number of days since a defined start date. The fractional part of a date-time serial number (after the decimal separator) is the time of day expressed as a fraction of a day. For example, 0.25 is equivalent to 06:00:00 and 0.75 is equivalent to 18:00:00.
- Calc uses 1899-12-30 as the default start date (day 0) but you can go to ▸ ▸ ▸ to select alternative start dates; however, unless you have specific requirements for compatibility with legacy spreadsheet applications, we recommend that you do not change this setting. If you copy and paste cells containing date values between different spreadsheets, check that both documents are set to use the same start date to avoid unexpected changes to the dates displayed.
- Negative date-time serial numbers correspond to dates earlier than Calc's start date. Calc calculates all dates back to 15th October 1582 using the Gregorian calendar. The day before this is 4th October 1582, and Calc uses the Julian calendar for earlier dates.
- A date-time serial number is the same as any other number, except that we usually choose to display it formatted as a date/time. You can enter a number in a cell and then change the cell's formatting to display the value as a date/time. You can also enter a date/time in a cell and then change the cell's formatting to display the date-time serial number.
- For clarity, the descriptions of the Calc functions within these wiki pages use the standard ISO 8601 format for date and time because this should be independent of your selected locale settings. The default date format on your computer may be different. When entering dates as part of formulas, slashes or dashes used as date separators may be interpreted as arithmetic operators. Therefore, dates entered in this format are not recognized as dates and result in erroneous calculations. To keep dates from being interpreted as parts of formulas either use the DATE function or place the date in quotation marks and use the ISO 8601 notation. Avoid using locale dependent date formats which may produce errors if the document is loaded under different locale settings.
- Time zone information is not used by Calc's Date & Time functions.
- If you only wish to enter two digits of the year (for example 21 instead of 2021), Calc needs to know whether you mean 2021 or 1921. Go to ▸ ▸ ▸ to view or adjust the range of years which Calc will use to interpret two-digit year values.
- Calc contains logic to decide how to treat text when encountered as an operand in an arithmetic operation or as an argument to a function that expects a number instead. In this context, unambiguous conversion is possible for ISO 8601 dates and times in their extended formats with separators. For example, the simple formula
=1 + "2021-02-08"will usually give the result2021-02-09(when formatted as a date). However, this logic may be affected by the settings on the Detailed Calculation Settings dialog, accessed by selecting ▸ ▸ ▸ and pressing the button in the Detailed Calculation Settings area. If a #VALUE! error occurs, it may be because the Generate #VALUE! error option is selected, in which case you should experiment with one of the other self-explanatory options in the Conversion from text to number drop-down.
Examples:
| Formula | Description | Returns |
|---|---|---|
| =MONTH(44,238) | Here the function returns 2, since 44238 is the date-time serial number representing the date 2021-02-11. | 2 |
| =MONTH("2021-02-11") | Here the function again returns 2. | 2 |
=MONTH(B6) where cell B6 contains the date 2021-02-11 |
Here the function again returns 2. | 2 |
| =MONTH("2021-02-11T22:14:35") | Here the function again returns 2. The time component of the text string is ignored. | 2 |
Related LibreOffice functions:
ODF standard:
Related (or similar) Excel functions:
MONTH