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Macros/Bases pour un EDI Python

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This page is a translated version of the page Macros/Python Basics and the translation is 19% complete.
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Préambule

Cette page présente les principes de fonctionnement d'un EDI pour développer des scripts Python. Les options de configuration ou d'installation sont illustrées pour quelques EDIs libres à code source ouvert. L'édition directe et le débogage de macros Python ne nécessite que l'extension Alternative Python Script Organizer (APSO). Dans ce cas allez à la rubrique ...

( ... Documents, Configuration, Object Inspection ... )

Versions de LibreOffice utilisables

Pour explorer la compatiblité avec des solutions apparentées :

Config. Projet de l'IDE

Chaque EDI possède sa propre configuration.

Geany

Les interpréteurs Python de LibreOffice ou d'OpenOffice doivent être explicitement déclarés dans la fenêtre Projects - Properties - Build de Geany.

Example values:

  • MacOS
    • P1. Compile = /Applications/LibreOffice.app/Contents/Resources/python -m py_compile "%f"
    • E1. Execute = /Applications/LibreOffice.app/Contents/Resources/python "%f"
  • Linux
    • P1. Compile = opt/openoffice4/program/python -m py_compile "%f"
    • E1. Execute = opt/openoffice4/program/python "%f"
  • Windows
    • Python commands
      • 1. Compile = "D:\Program Files\LibreOffice 5\program\python" -m py_compile "%f"
      • 2. Interpret = "D:\Program Files\LibreOffice 5\program\python"
    • Execute commands
      • 1. Execute = "D:\Program Files\LibreOffice 5\program\python" "%f"
      • 2. Unit Tests = "D:\Program Files\LibreOffice 5\program\python" -m unittest discover


Pyzo

Pyzo configuration dialog for embedded Python interpreters as of Shell - Edit shell configurations... menu:

Pyzo - Shell - Shell configurations...

PyCharm

LibreOffice Python interpreter configuration with PyCharm default settings dialog:

PyCharm - Default Settings - Project Interpreter

Corps d'un Script Python

Un script Python Python ressemble à :

import uno
def my_1st_macro():
    # <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Won't run directly in Anaconda, Geany, KDevelop, PyCharm or else</span>
    doc = XSCRIPTCONTEXT.getDocument()
    doc.getText().setString("Hello World!")

g_exportedScripts = my_1st_macro,

Une passerelle est nécessaire entre l'EDI et LibreOffice pour l'exécuter. Une fois en place Les objets UNO sont utilisables.

Up to five steps can be necessary to achieve this:

  1. Start LibreOffice as a service
  2. Connect to a service
  3. create a XSCRIPTCONTEXT Adaptor
  1. Run the macro
  2. Stop LibreOffice as a service

While examples available on the internet do not resort to all these steps, their study exhibits coding guidelines that IDE_utils module borrows from in order to innocuously integrate in IDEs.

Start, Connect, Adapt, Run & Stop

Le tableau ci-après recense quelques exemples publics de scripts pour (Libre/Open)Office. Il détaille les étapes qu'ils intègrent.

Example codes
Description Start Connect Adapt

Run

Debug

Stop
a. LibreOffice and OpenOffice officehelper.py module x x
b. Office.bridge.py A bridge for IDE with XSCRIPTCONTEXT revisité, Feb. 2017 (in french) x x x
c. Interface-oriented programming in OpenOffice / LibreOffice: automate your office tasks with Python macros, Sep. 2013 x x
d. unopy.py LibreOffice macro execution with PyCharm, Jan. 2014 (in japanese) x x x
e. ooutils.py - Starting, Stopping and Connecting to OpenOffice with Python, Dec. 2008 x x x x
f. Python UNO-bridge, Oct. 2008 x

IDE enablement

Based on these resources, requirements for Python macro enablement in IDEs can be summarised as:

  • start, connect, adapt, run and stop steps to be optional
  • Support multiple platforms i.e. essentially Linux, MacOS and Windows
  • on-demand startup --options
  • Permit pipe and/or socket connections
  • decoupled coding using injection
  • Provide Service pooling, context pooling
  • and KISS

IDE_utils module proposal: A Runner() context manager class is responsible for starting and stopping soffice instances. An optional Runners.json configuration file contains service-options pairs holding the services to start and their running conditions. A connect() function bridges the actual IDE and LibreOffice instances. A ScriptContext() object is injected as XSCRIPTCONTEXT built-in. start() and stop() coding facilities are wrapping-up Runner() features. The module skeleton looks like:

#!  # IDE_utils.py
import officehelper
RUNNERS = 'Runners.json'

class Runner(soffice=None): pass
class ScriptContext(): pass

_ctx = officehelper.bootstrap()
XSCRIPTCONTEXT = ScriptContext(_ctx)

def connect(host='localhost', port=2002, pipe=None): pass
def start(soffice=None): pass
def _stop(): pass

IDE_utils.py can be obtained from GitLab.

Recommended Use

import uno
def my_1st_macro(): pass  # <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Your code goes here</span>

g_exportedScripts = my_1st_macro,  # <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Published macros</span>

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from IDE_utils import Runner, XSCRIPTCONTEXT
    with Runner() as jesse_owens:  # <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Start/Stop, Connect/Adapt</span>
        my_1st_macro  # Run

The example above should be your preferred use for IDE_utils. As starting and stopping a service may not fit all situations, these steps are optional. That same module allows the customization of LibreOffice - or OpenOffice - services running conditions. "Getting Started" user guide provides detailed description of the 3 different ways to use IDE_utils:

  • Resorting to (Libre/Open)Office default Python officehelper.bootstrap() mechanism,
  • Letting Runner() and ScriptContext() objects take responsibility for start, connect, adapt, run and stop steps,
  • Deciding when to perform start, connect, adapt, run and stop steps.

Managing Documents (draft)

Opening a Document

Creating a Document

Saving a Document

Closing a Document

A General Purpose Converter

Bug Detection & Reporting

Examining (draft)

Examining LibreOffice

Configuration Properties

Path Settings

Getting & Setting DocumentProperties

Reporting OS File Properties

Setting Document Properties

Inspecting a Document for API Information

MRI, xRay & ObjectInspector

Listening (draft)

... catching document(s) events, catching URP bridge events...